Abstrak Jurnal Kedokteran ” Ibnu Nafis”, Volume 1 Nomor 1, Juni 2012, ISSN No. 2252-6870

IBNU NAFIS

JURNAL  KEDOKTERAN

VOLUME 1    NOMOR : 1    JUNI 2012      ISSN NO. 2252-6870

Konversi BTA pada Penderita TB Paru Kategori I yang Mendapat Terapi Intensif dengan Diabetes mellitus Terkontrol dan Diabetes mellitus Tidak Terkontrol

Indra Janis

Bahagian Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan

Jl. Karya Bhakti No. 34 Medan Johor Telp.(061) 69692531

Abstract

Lung TB is the biggest health problem in Indonesia. Indonesia reaches third level in a number of lung TB case China and India in estimate rate 583.000 new case/year with mortality rate about 140.000 patients.

Some problem can happen to lung TB treatment. One of the diseases is DM as one of adheres disease the people above 15 years and when based on prevalence 1,5% so the minimal number of DM patient in Indonesia in 2000 is estimated 4 million and in 2010 about 5 million patients.

Morbidity of infection is the most frequent happen to DM patient as a consequence of susceptibility to infection.

The aim of study is to conversion of acid fast bacilli (BTA) to determine patient of lung TB with controlled and uncontrolled DM.

The method of this research is experimental study. The patients sputum is taken with cough way then examined 3 times (SPS) using Ziehl Neelsen staining in the beginning of research and 8^th week (intensive phase).

The patient which has diagnosed in lung TB, then examined Blood sugar degree (KGD) fasting KGD and post prandial KGD if the patient has indicated of clinical DM. Value of post prandial KGD > = 200 mg/dl diagnose of patient with DM. To disnguish the patient with controlled and uncontrolled DM by taking the average of KGD fasting and bed time KGD. DM controlled if the result of fasting KGD 5,0 – 7,2 mmol/l (90-130 mg/dl) and the average Bed Time KGD 6.1-8.3 mmol/l (110-150 mg/dl). This result is consisten reach the level Hba 1C, 7 mg%.

The result is from 46 samples which fulfill the research criteria, 35 patients (76,1%) lung TB with controlled DM and 11 patients (23,9%) lung TB with uncontrolled DM.

There is difference meaning of conversion acid fast bacilli in beginning and 8^th week of acid fast bacilli (the last) in lung TB with controlled and uncontrolled DM.

 

Keywords : Lung TB, DM, Conversion BTA 

 

 

Keefektifan Albendazole Pemberian Sekali Sehari Selama 1, 2 dan 3 Hari dalam Menanggulangi

Infeksi Trichuris trichiura pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Medan Tembung

Rusdi  Yunus

Bahagian Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan

Jl. Karya Bhakti No. 34 Medan Johor Telp.(061) 69692531

Abstract

The worm infection is still becoming a health problem of Indonesian people and some countries in the world especially in the development country in tropical area. The worm infection is almost occurred in all of people at all age, but the high prevalence especially age school children. Trichuriasis is a worm infection disease which is estimated reach 800 million cases in the world.

In the effort of prevention and curation  of the worm disease, i.e. by giving antihelminthic drugs for the primary school children, but the result is not satisfied enough.

Some research show that Albendazole dosage one time in a day to cure trichuriasis was not give the optimum effect. Base on the fact, it need to studied how long the Albendazole dosage giving one time in a day to get the optimum effect in the curation of Trichuris trichiura infection. The research used Albendazole dosage 400 mg a day for 1 day, 2 days and 3 days, the Clinical Trial Prospective method with one group pre and post test design at Sekolah Dasar No. 067230, Kelurahan Tembung Kota, Kecamatan Medan Tembung, Kota Madya Medan on June, 2007. From 559 students, 165 students fulfill the the reaserch requirements which is separated in three groups of medicine giving.

There are significant difference in decreasing of eggs quantity before and after medical at 3 groups of medical giving and intensity decreasing of infection at 3 groups.(p=0,0001). 400 mg dosage Albendazole one time a day is not effective for trichuriasis with medium and high intensity at 3 groups of medicine, but 400 mg dosage Albendazole one time a day for 3 days is effective for low intensity because it has 96,65 % Cure Rate and Eggs Reduction Rate 99,64 %.

 

Keywords : Trichuris trichiura, Infection intensity, Cure Rate, Eggs Reduction  Rate

 

 

Pola Perubahan Bakteri Tahan Asam pada Dahak Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru Setelah Pengobatan Intensif

Suwarno Usman

Bahagian Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan

Jl. Karya Bhakti No. 34 Medan Johor Telp.(061) 69692531

 

Abstract

Tuberculosis is one of the most common of death in Indonesia and also in many other developing country.  Indonesia’s TB cases number is the third biggest in the world after India and China. Every minute there is one new case in Indonesia and every 2,5 minute there will be one new smear positive cases.  According to the World Health Organization, a third of the world’s population is infected with tuberculosis, moreover tuberculosis death are estimated to increase to 35 million between 2000-2020.  The economic costs of TB are tremendous and mostly affect the poor.  The  socioeconomic impact of the disease is greatest on adult in their most economically active years. The poor and marginalized in the developing world are the worst affected 95% of all cases and  75% are among productive people aged between               15-55.

The aim of this study is to compare the BTA conversion on pulmonary TB patient’s category I among low body weight and normal body weight after intensive treatment.

The mothod used was an experimental study. It was done in 6 months at Balai Pengobatan Penyakit Paru (BP4) Medan. The number of sample was 84 subject divided               2 group, subjects with low body weight and others with normal weight. These subject being treated at pulmonary war BP4. The data’s were collected using questionnaire and statistical analysis by SPSS 11,5; Chi-square tes and Wilcoxon Signed Range Test, the value of significantly is 95%.

The result which obtained in second weeks of each group gives significant (p < 0,05) where TB conversion low body weight 78,6% and TB normal weight 81%. Next the BTA conversion in eight weeks was us significant (p > 0,05) although it was found BTA conversion in low body weight 95,2% and BTA normal weigt 90,5%. From the study there was found significantly about BTA conversion but no differentiation significantly in the last intensive treatment.

 

Keywords :   pulmonary TB, BTA conversion, Low body weight, Normal body weight, Intensive treatment 

 

 

A Qualitative Study: Effectiveness of  Strategic Management of Competence-Based Curriculum Implementation in Medical Faculty of UISU Medan

Saiful Batubara^* dan Irpan Apandi Batubara ^**

^*Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan,Jl. Karya Bhakti No. 34 Medan Johor Telp.(061) 69692531

^**Fakultas Pendidikan Universitas Muslim Nusantara, Medan, Jl. Garu II No. 2 dan 93  Kec. Medan Amplas Telp.(061) 7867044, 7867487

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan : (1) legalitas dan kewenangan pimpinan fakultas untuk melaksanakan implementasi KBK di Fakultas Kedokteran UISU . (2) wujud manajemen stratejik implementasi KBK di Fakultas Kedokteran UISU, dan (3) efektivitas manejemen stratejik implementasi  KBK di Fakultas Kedokteran UISU. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dan data yang dibutuhkan dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi.  Penelusuran informasi dihentikan setelah tidak lagi ditemukan data yang baru, dan selanjutnya dilakukan validasi data dengan triangulasi penggunaan materi refrensi, mengadakan member check, serta membandingkan hasil wawacara dengan observasi dan  dokumentasi.

Temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pimpinan Fakultas Kedokteran UISU memiliki legalitas dan kewenangan untuk menjalankan manajemen stratejik dalam rangka implementasi KBK di Fakultas Kedokteran UISU sehubungan dengan jabatannya sebagai dekan yang merupakan pimpinan tertinggi tingkat fakultas, sebagai mana diatur dalam Peraturan pemerintah Nomor 60 Tahun 1999 dan Statuta UISU Tahun 2003.

Wujud manajemen stratejik yang telah dilaksanakan pimpinan fakultas sehubungan dengan implementasi KBK yang dikaitkan dengan situasi dan kondisi fakultas pada tahun 2007 meliputi empat hal, yaitu : (1) memastikan  bahwa proses akademik harus dimulai pada tahun akademik 2007/2008, (2) mengimplementasikan KBK mulai tahun akademik 2007/2008, (3) mengalokasikan dana yang cukup untuk melengkapi sarana prasarana, dan penambahan dosen, dan (4) mendukung yayasan dan rektorat dalam memperjuangkan aspek hukum dan legalitas UISU.

Keempat wujud manajemen stratejik tersebut di atas terbukti dapat mendukung proses implementasi KBK di Fakultas Kedokteran UISU sekaligus menjadi dasar untuk meningkatkan eksistensi UISU secara keseluruhan.

 

Kata Kunci : Manajemen Stategi, CBC

 

 

Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C terhadap Jumlah Sperma Mencit  Jantan Dewasa (Mus musculus, L.) yang dipapari Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)

Julahir Hodmatua Siregar

Dosen Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan

Jl. Karya Bhakti No. 34 Medan Johor Telp.(061) 69692531

 

Abstract

The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin C to sperm concentration of mice (Mus musculus L.) which are induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG).  Is there any effect on ROS after giving of MSG treatment ? Is it possible vitamin C to reject ones throughout antioxidant ? Adult mice (n=5/group) are divided into five groups.  The firs group, as negative control which is given 05 cc of NaCl 0,9% intrapertoneal (IP) for 30 days.  The second group, as a positive control which is given MSG 4 mg/gBW (IP) for 15 days, then the next 15 days, the mice is given 0,5 cc of NaCl 0,9%.  The third group is given MSG 4 mg/gBW (IP) for 30 days.  The fourth group is given MSG 4 mg/gBW (IP) for 15 days and 15 days later the mice is given MSG 4 mg/gBW (IP) and  orally 0,2mg/gBW of vitmin C.  All the experimental procedures and animal maintenance confirmed to the strict guidelines of institutional animal athics committee.  The amount of sperm is not significantly difference (P>0,05) in experimental groups compared with control group.  MSG administration to increase free radical.  The sperm concentration insignificantly difference, because MSG does not decrease intratesticular testosterone, so it will not affect the process of spermatogenesis.

 

Keywords : MSG, Sperm, Vitamin C, ROS

 

 

Autism, a chronic disorder that develops in early childhood, with a characteristic disturbance in the ability to make relationships with others, language disorders, and patterns of unusual behavior.

            Various theories / hypotheses about the etiology of ASD continues to grow, ranging from the possibility of genetic factors, central nervous system disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, viral infections, fungal, heavy metal poisoning, until the possibility of allergy to a food / beverage.

           Autism Spectrum Disordres is a pervasive developmental disorder is not known with certainty the cause to date. As a result the management of children with ASD also are manifold, some have gone through a fairly accurate research, some still to be tested or reported cases per case of each research center. Important for the clinician to consider this condition, so be careful in choosing the appropriate type of therapy for each individual. Each indidvidu is unique, so it requires a special approach as well.

 

Keywords : Autisme, Disorder

 

Aspek Etiologi Autisme

Aditya Yuda Perkasa Alam Simbolon^* dan M. Joesoef Simbolon^**

^*Staf Pengajar, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan

^**Bahagian Psikiatri Anak dan Remaja, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan, Jl. Karya Bhakti No. 34 Medan Johor Telp.(061) 69692531

Abstract

Autism reflects a disturbance / disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that are non-progressive. Abnormalities in the CNS that would have an impact on a child’s life, even though the child was classified as mild autism. Autism has a very complex causes and symptoms of autism due to the role multifactorial.   Triger combination of several genes, coupled with the role of the environment. Environmental triggers of autism comes from Prenatal, Perinatal and Postnatal. Postnatal trigger is a very powerful trigger that is derived from heavy metal toxicity, immunodeficiency, yeast overgrowth, multiple food allergy, and exomorfin.

Etiology is multifactorial causes of autism treatment should also be done in a multidisciplinary, can not be done alone. Before performing the procedure of assessment should be used to assess the child’s development in all fields. On the basis of an execution was carried out by multidisciplinary. The best therapy must be comprehensive. Not only do metode from outside such as ABA, speech therapy, occupational therapy and sensory integration, however metabolic factors should also be checked and repaired. Thus the child’s development can be accelerated to its full potential.

 

Keywords: Etiology, Autism.